[17], The first group included Phil H. Bucklew, the "Father of Naval Special Warfare," after whom the Naval Special Warfare Center building is named. Much of this work has been assigned to 1st SFG; SEALs and USAF Special Operations who have also had a long-term presence in the Philippines. Some of the missions included transporting spies into North Korea and the destruction of North Korean fishing nets used to supply the North Korean Army. [21] LCDR Kauffman's needs quickly out-grew "Area E" and on 6 June 1943, he established NCDU training at Fort Pierce. In the Mediterranean, a fleet of hired Greek wooden fishing vessels called caiques covertly supported OSS agents in Albania, Greece, and Yugoslavia. The VC referred to them as "the men with green faces," due to the camouflage face paint the SEALs wore during combat missions. After SBI training class, they would enter a platoon and conduct platoon training. Despite several challenges, the SEALs were soon conducted operations with partnered units, particularly in Special Reconnaissance, focusing on the surveillance aspect, whilst conventional US Army or Marines would conduct raids and arrests. Jung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Donghyun is the stage name of Kim Dong Hyun, a South Korean singer and actor who is best known for being the leader and lead vocalist for the K-pop boy group Boyfriend. Michael Thornton is one of a handful of Navy SEALs that have been awarded the Medal of Honor. The advances by conventional forces and the SEALs in Ramadi, combined with the brutal tactics of AQI, helped to increase recruitment in a local police initiative-the programme was designed to bring the local Sheikhs' militias into the Iraqi Security Forces. "[153] When LCDR Olson was transferred to California, PHC Gene "Gag" Gagliardi (D 546) of UDT Eleven introduced him to the local jumping elite with the San Diego Skydivers, one of the nation's first sports parachuting clubs. [30], The MU developed or used several innovative devices that would later allow for the creation of a special operations combat-diver capability, first in Army Special Forces (Green Berets) and later in US Navy SEAL units. Three of the men failed to make the rendezvous point for extraction. Bakuhatai, The Reconnaissance Mission of the USS Burrfish and the Fate of Three American POWs, by Nathaniel Patch, Submarine blasting, 301 NCB cruisebook, Seabee Museum Archives website, Jan 2020, p.60, Operations Crossroads, DNA 6032F, prepared by the Defense Nuclear Agency, p. 189, Amphibious Training Base (ATB) Little Creek, Sino-American Cooperative Organization (SACO), Maritime Unit Operational Swimmer Group A, Underwater Demolitions Unit (predecessor to the Navy Special Warfare Flotilla), United States Naval Special Warfare Command, Army's 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment, United States Air Force Combat Control Teams, United States Air Force Special Tactics Teams, Al Basrah (MABOT) and Khawr Al Amaya (KAAOT) Oil Terminals, 1st Brigade Combat Team, 1st Armored Division, Philippine Naval Special Operations Group, Operation Inherent Resolve's Iraq Campaign, United States Navy SEAL selection and training, Joint Expeditionary Base Little Creek in Virginia, List of United States Navy enlisted rates, Republic of Korea Naval Special Warfare Flotilla, Philippine Navy Underwater Operations Team (UOT), "US joins battle as Philippines takes losses in besieged city", "Marawi siege: US special forces aiding Philippine army", "US special forces aid Philippine troops in battle for Marawi", "The difference between Navy SEALs and other military units", "Program letting Coasties train as SEALs on hold", "Army Officer Recalls Hunt for Bin Laden", "SEAL History: Origins of Naval Special Warfare-WWII", "Opening Omaha Beach: Ensign Karnowski and NCDU-45", "Seal History: Origins of Naval Special Warfare WWII", "Blasting the Way to the Beachhead: US Navy Underwater Demolition Teams in the Pacific", "A Glance at the Origins of Naval Special Warfare", "Lambertsen and O2: beginnings of operational physiology", "Closed-circuit oxygen diving in the U.S. Navy", "Dr. Christian Lambertsen: 70 years of influence on the military dive community", "Series: OSS Training in the National Parks and Service Abroad in World War II", "Office of Strategic Services Report, Maritime Unit, Group A, OSS Combat Operations with UDT 10 from 10 August 1944 to 16 April 1945", "reply# 30, Seabees as UDTs, Interview with Wright S. Travis, member of OSS Maritime Unit attached to UDT 10", "This Week in Seabee History (Week of September 11)", "NCDU 216 Photo, National Navy UDTSEAL Museum, North Hutchinson Island, Fort Pierce, FL", "Sign 1967, Holiday Inn, Navy Seal Museum, Fort Pierce, 3300 N. Hwy. The SEALs' two primary missions were the extraction of Grenada's Governor-General, Sir Paul Scoon, and the capture of Grenada's only radio tower. Over the course of the operation SEALs conducted VBSS (Visit, Board, Search, and Seizure) missions to counter Iranian mine-laying boats. Introduction. The task force's principal task was to conduct SR and SSE missions in the south of the country. Aviation support was provided by both Marine air of the 15th MEU and 20th Special Operations Squadron. Donghyun is the stage name of Kim Dong Hyun. SEALs are typically ordered to capture or to kill high level targets, or to gather intelligence behind enemy lines. This is really sad, Big Naughty got death threats just for taking a picture with kpop idol & giving them flower that was instructed by pd. [103], Before Djibouti became the epicentre for counter terrorism operations in Africa, unilateral operations were launched from temporary forward locations in friendly nations such as Kenya, or from US Navy Ships. Donghyun () is a member of South Korean boy group Golden Child. SEALs and Danish Jgerkorpset commandos boarded Air Force Pave Low helicopters and seized Khairkhwa on the road less than two hours later. Before their official debut, a performance video of the track "Hollywood" was released on April 25, 2019. The OSS was a paramilitary organization and also a progenitor of the CIA. For Operation Beleaguer UDT 9 was deployed with the III Amphibious Corps to Northern China. [104], CJSOTF-HOA (Combined Joint Special Operations Task Force-Horn of Africa) developed a rescue plan called Operation Mystic Talon, in case any CIA SAD or ISA operators were captured in the region, the plan required a SEAL platoon with Air Force Special Operations assets that, if necessary, would fight their way into Somalia, recover the hostage and fight their way out, should a mission need to be launched before a dedicated JSOC task force could be deployed to the region. These elite Special Operators are a team of highly-trained,. Thirty NCDUs[23] had been sent to the Pacific prior to Normandy. During Operation Desert Shield and Storm, Navy SEALs trained Kuwaiti Special Forces. In October 1950, UDTs supported mine-clearing operations in Wonsan Harbor where frogmen would locate and mark mines for minesweepers. The SOF shaping included sophisticated feints to mislead the insurgents as to the direction of the final assault, close target reconnaissance and direct-action missions where a logistics node or IED factory was targeted. He is a South Korean singer and actor who is best known for being the leader and lead vocalist for the K-pop boy group Boyfriend. [38] The success of those UDT 1 Seabees not following Fort Pierce protocol rewrote the UDT mission model and training regimen. This group eventually adopted the "Leap Frogs" name.[153]. In preparations for the second battle, SEALs conducted reconnaissance near the berms and tested out reports that the insurgents were equipped with night-vision equipment, they proved this by throwing an infrared chemical light into the street which drew small arms fire. 88.7k Followers, 225 Following, 61 Posts - See Instagram photos and videos from / Suh DongHyun (@suhdonghyun_official) suhdonghyun_official. They jointly conducted reconnaissance missions on the Japanese-held coast, sometimes penetrating several miles up enemy-controlled rivers. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 2010 | Journal article DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2010.08.005 EID: 2-s2.0-77957884773. SEAL Team One was awarded three Presidential Unit Citations and one Navy Unit Commendation; SEAL Team Two received two Presidential Unit Citations. The SEAL Museum stands on the training site of the first Navy frogmen. [39] Those Seabees also created the image of UDTs as the "naked warriors". They stripped down and spent 45 minutes in the water in broad daylight. Roberts was subsequently killed after engaging and fighting dozens of enemies for almost an hour. According to the Navy SEAL Museum, 298 UDT and SEALs were killed in action and died during training accidents as of March 2018:[160], SEALs prepare for a training mission aboard the USS George Washington, A SEAL "Leap Frogs" parachute team high above San Diego, SEALs during a VBSS training in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom, SEAL team members participate in a tactical warfare training, SEALs climb a caving ladder during a VBSS training, US Navy Basic Underwater Demolition-SEAL (BUD-S) students wade ashore on an Island during an exercise, A SEAL takes up a defensive position in a village in northern Zabul province, Afghanistan, 10 April 2010. The mission was a success and Iraqi forces were diverted east away from the true coalition offensive. [108] The unprecedented media coverage raised the public profile of the SEAL community, particularly the counter-terrorism specialists commonly known as SEAL Team 6. Years active The Navy SEAL operation in northern Iraq is called Task Force Trident. Birth place Operationally, the "Team" is divided into two to four 40-man "task units" (or "troops"). They suffered only one casualty, who was injured by an IED. Other Coalition SOF-particularly KSK, JTF2 and New Zealand Special Air Service were assigned to the task force. In March 2002, SEALs from DEVGRU, SEAL Team 2, 3 and 8 participated extensively in Operation Anaconda. The team inserted with full combat gear in bad weather with low visibility conditions and high winds. The only loss of life occurred during the takedown of the Iran Ajr. The 2023 Mister Global Pageant National Costumes, Check Out This Funky Soviet Workout Video, Boy Rescued Thanks To A Drone With An Infrared Camera, The Beauty of Pang Way's Praying Mantises. Four UDT personnel acted as wave-guides for the Marine landing. The typical SEAL platoon has an OIC (officer in charge), usually a lieutenant (O-3), a platoon chief (E-7/E-8), and two squads commanded by a LTJG (O-2) and a squad leader (E-6). The United States Navy Seal was officially approved by the president of the United States on October 23, 1957. The strike on Balboa Harbor by Task Unit Whiskey is notably marked in SEAL history as the first publicly acknowledged combat swimmer mission since the Second World War. kpoppies really ruin everything (no wonder he stick to Jay Park at GDA) Show . Associations [96], In Fallujah, the SEAL Task Unit were also heavily involved in fighting. ENS Lewis F. Luehrs and Seabee Chief William Acheson wore swim trunks under their fatigues anticipating they would not be able to get what the Admiral wanted by staying in the boat. Group debut On April 5, 2018, he debuted in a project boy group between Starship Entertainment and Brand New Music called YDPP with the digital single "Love It Live It". He is also a member of the project group LUNA under the name Gaon (). After borrowing and retrofitting Humvees from the Army Rangers also staging on Masirah, the SEALs inserted into Afghanistan to conduct the SR of what would become Camp Rhino, as part of Operation Enduring Freedom Afghanistan (OEF-A). The SEALs were among the highest decorated units for their size in the war, receiving by 1974 one Medal of Honor, two Navy Crosses, 42 Silver stars, 402 Bronze Stars, two Legions of Merit, 352 Commendation Medals, and 51 Navy Achievement Medals[55] Later awards would bring the total to three Medals of Honor and five Navy Crosses. Navy SEAL Teams 1 and 2 along with several Special Boat Units and EOD technicians were deployed on mobile command barges and transported by helicopters from the Army's 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment. [115][116][117], Before getting accepted into Basic Underwater Demolition/SEAL (BUD/S) training, a prospective candidate must pass a certain number of both mental and physical requirements. [50], On 15 September 1950, UDTs supported Operation Chromite, the amphibious landing at Incheon. Birth date This enabled USSDallas(DD-199) to traverse the water and insert U.S. Rangers who captured the Port Lyautey airdrome. He is the visual of the boy group AB6IX and member of its project unit MXM. He debuted with the six-member group in 2011. ADM Nimitz approved the transfer the five officers and 24 enlisted men of Maritime Unit Operational Swimmer Group A led by Lieutenant Choate. He was a competitor on Produce X 101 and ranked #17 on the the finale, being eliminated from the final lineup, and unable to become a member of X1 . Stage Name: Donghyun () Birth Name: Kim Dong Hyun () Birthday: February 23, 1999 Zodiac Sign: Pisces Height: 172 cm (5'8) Weight: 50 kg (110 lbs) Blood Type: A MBTI: ISTJ Representative Emoji: Jersey Number: 80 Donghyun Facts: Born in Seoul, South Korea. He is also a member of the project group YDPP . Over the course of six months, Task Force K-Bar killed or captured over 200 Taliban and al Qaeda fighters and destroyed tens of thousands of pounds of weapons and ordnance. In keeping with UDT tradition, UDT 21 created a sign to greet the Marines landing in Japan. The remaining members of the squad are operators (E-4 to E-6) with their specialty skills in ordnance, communications, diving, and medical. In 1967, a SEAL unit named Detachment Bravo (Det Bravo) was formed to operate these mixed US and ARVN units. According to founding SEAL team member Roy Boehm, the SEALs' first missions were directed against communist Cuba. [44] During WWII the Navy did not have a rating for the UDTs nor did they have an insignia. 2. However, during the operation the unit suffered a fatality, Petty Officer 1st Class Nicolas D. Dong-hyun is a former Korean Navy SEAL. In 2008, 1,571 South Korean baby boys were given the name "Dong-hyun . With Han Suk-kyu, Jeon Do-yeon, Sang-mi Choo, Yong-soo Park. The SEALs were en route to support U.S. Army Rangers who were taking fire while attempting to capture a senior Taliban leader in the Tangi Valley. The Walt Disney Company tried unsuccessfully to trademark the name "SEAL Team 6" the day after the raid. As the war continued, the SEALs found themselves positioned in the Rung Sat Special Zone where they were to disrupt the enemy supply and troop movements and in the Mekong Delta to fulfill riverine operations, fighting on the inland waterways. 11). The pirates and their hostage were being towed in a lifeboat approximately 100 yards behind USSBainbridge when each of the pirates were killed by a different DEVGRU sniper with a single shot to the head. History Due to the nature of the war, the UDTs maintained a low operational profile. The Navy then established the, 8-week Naval Special Warfare Prep School (Pre-BUD/S), 24-week Basic Underwater Demolition/SEAL Training (BUD/S), 26-week SEAL Qualification Training (SQT), 6-month Professional Development Individual Specialty Training (ProDev). While Donghyun is focused on getting back to his ex-girl-friend Younghae who has sent him a special LP, Soohyun is crazy for her friend's boy-friend. Kim Dong Hyun, better known as Donghyun, is a South Korean singer, music producer, and actor under Brand New Music. Task Force White was tasked with three principal objectives: the destruction of Panamanian Defense Forces (PDF) naval assets in Balboa Harbor and the destruction of Manuel Noriega's private jet at Paitilla Airport (collectively known as Operation Nifty Package), as well as isolating PDF forces on Flamenco Island. [81], The shore-based pumping stations (known as MMS-Monitoring and Meter Stations) and their pipelines on the Al-Faw Peninsula were seized by 12 SEALS from SEAL Team 3, who were mounted in DPVs. By 1970, President Richard Nixon initiated a plan of Vietnamization, which would remove the US from the Vietnam War and return the responsibility of defense back to the South Vietnamese. In a speech to Congress on 25 May 1961, Kennedy spoke of his deep respect for the United States Army Special Forces. Check out NeatoShop's large selection of T-shirts SEALs were also involved in various VBSS missions with British and Australian forces to seize Iraqi craft carrying seaborne mines. To increase security of their assigned VSO village, a SEAL Platoon in Chora District, Uruzgan Province built a wall constructed of 500 metres (550yd) of HESCO barriers to divert insurgent movements away, this proved successful and eventually the Afghan villagers took ownership of it. The team sent to the radio station also ran into communication problems. He completed his studies in Myongji University. Under the HQ element are two to four SEAL platoons of 16 men (two officers and 14 enlisted SEALs, and sometimes assigned non-NSW support personnel); a company-sized combat service support (CSS) and/or combat support (CS) consisting of staff N-codes (the Army and Marine Corps use S-codes); N1 Administrative support, N2 Intelligence, N3 Operations, N4 Logistics, N5 Plans and Targeting, N6 Communications, N7 Training, and N8 Air/Medical. On 24 October 1983, twelve operators from SEAL Team Six and four Air Force Combat Control Team members (CCT) conducted a predawn combat airborne water insertion from C-130 Hercules aircraft with Zodiac inflatable rubber boats 40 kilometers north of Point Salines, Grenada. Kim Dong-hyun ( Korean: , ; born November 17, 1981), anglicized as Dong Hyun Kim, is a retired South Korean mixed martial artist who most notably fought in the UFC 's welterweight division. SEALs were present at the Battle of Qala-i-Jangi in November 2001 alongside their counterparts from the British SBS. He served within the Special Missions Battalion and he got out of the Navy two years ago. Debuted in 2019 of November with the single, ' Remix'. Operation Torch was launched in November 1942 off the Atlantic coast of French Morocco in North Africa. The male radio presenter Donghyun and the female TV home shopping phone operator Soohyun are both lonely. McCoy, Shane T. (August 2004). The QRF never reached the scene; it was struck by an RPG killing eight Navy SEALs and eight Army Night Stalkers. Specialty T-Shirts: 1. [47] For UDTs 3 and 4 every officer received a silver star and all the enlisted received bronze stars with Vs for Operation Forager (Guam). . Background Pybus also added that the unit is already "undergoing a transition back to its maritime roots" by placing more emphasis on sea-based missions after being involved in mostly landlocked missions since 2001. They formed the core of what was envisioned as a "guerrilla amphibious organization of Americans and Chinese operating from coastal waters, lakes, and rivers employing small steamboats and sampans." The Naval Task Group was principally tasked with the capture of the port of Umm Qasr, Iraq's only deep-water port; the oil pipeline facilities of the Al-Faw Peninsula; and the two off-shore platforms the pipelines fed. [7] The unit was led by U.S. Army 1st Lieutenant Lloyd Peddicord as commanding officer, and Navy Ensign John Bell as executive officer. Agency [23], After the operations in the Marshall Islands, Admiral Turner restructured the two provisional UDT units and created 7 permanent units with an allotted size of 96 men per team. Probable Position: Main Dancer, Vocalist, Sub-Rapper Birthday: October 30, 2000 Zodiac Sign: Scorpio Height: 179 cm (5'10) Weight: 60 kg (132 lbs) Blood Type: AB Company: Woolim Entertainment Yunseong Facts: - Before joining Produce X 101 he had trained for a year and 1 month. He convinced the Commander Naval Operations Support Group, PACIFIC to create a small demonstration team consisting of a cadre of highly qualified freefall jumpers. Big & Tall and Curvy Tees are our specialties! As soon as the SEALs reached the radio facility they found themselves unable to raise their command post. [95], As the SEALs were beginning to make headway in Ramadi, AQI was starting to infiltrate the area by targeting local Sheikhs and convincing them to allow jihadists to marry into local tribes, thus cementing their powerbase and Sheikhs that resisted these advances were met with typical AQI brutality. A typical Leap Frogs' performance consists of six jumpers leaping out of an aircraft at an altitude of 6,000 feet. 1.4M views 3 years ago You've probably heard of the Navy SEALsbut if you're not one of them, you'll never fully know what they do. Both former and active-duty Navy SEALs are sounding the alarm over well-documented cases of criminality, drug use and exploitation of the elite military unit's brand, just as they prepare to mark . Navy chief petty officers and sailors came from the boat pool at ATB, Solomons, Maryland, and Army Raider personnel came from the 3rd and 9th Infantry Divisions. They took part in several operations in support of the CIA and Army culminating in the 3 October 'Battle of Mogadishu' where they were part of the ground convoy raiding the Olympic Hotel. The Teams deploy as Naval Special Warfare Squadrons or Special Operations Task Forces and can deploy anywhere in the world. Stage Name: Donghyun () Birth Name: Kim Dong Hyun () Position: Maknae Birthday: September 17, 1998 Zodiac Sign: Virgo Height: 179 cm (5'11") Weight: 63 kg (145 lbs) Blood Type: O Donghyun Facts: - He has a fraternal twin brother. Charlie Platoon, SEAL Team 3, later operated ahead of the Marine advance carrying out similar missions. A small JSOC element (formerly Task Force Sword/11) not under direct CTJF command embedded within CJSOFT, it consisted of a joint SEAL and Ranger element that rotated command, and was not under direct ISAF command, although it operated in support of NATO operations.[69]. The SEALs advised the Marines, helping coordinate AC-130 Spectres fire support onto Iraqi forces. [155], Due to their reputation as being one of America's premier special operations forces, SEALs (particularly operators from DEVGRU) will often do exchanges with allied SOFs.[84][156][157]. Using these new diving, swimming, and combat skills, these commandos took part in combat operations such as the liberation of the capital city. Donghyun () is a South Korean singer and actor under SidusHQ. In September 1942, 17 Navy salvage personnel arrived at ATB Little Creek, Virginia for a week-long course in demolitions, explosive cable cutting, and commando raiding techniques. [129][130], In July 2021, the Naval Special Warfare (NSW) training program graduated its first woman operator, who would go on to become a Special Warfare Combatant-craft Crewman (SWCC). [92], In the interim between the First Battle of Fallujah and Second Battle of Fallujah, insurgents in Fallujah knew that the coalition assault was inevitable and under the guidance of the influx of foreign fighters, began to build defensive networks throughout the city-ranging from fortified buildings, trench lines, berms, strategically placed car bombs and IEDs. As in Al Faw, the SEALs found their DPVs (the SEAL unit at the al-Faw MMS lost all but two DPVs when they were bogged down in the oily mud) to be ineffective and this marked the last time they would employ them in Iraq. At the beginning of 1962, the UDTs started hydrographic surveys and along with other branches of the US Military, the Military Assistance Command Vietnam (MACV) was formed. This is the "Courses" web page for the Center for SEAL (Sea, Air, and Land) and SWCC (Special Warfare Combatant-craft Crewman), or CENSEALSWCC, which is aligned with the Naval Special Warfare (NSW) enterprise to develop NSW's flagship weapon system and capital resource - its People - to be the best Special Operations Forces leaders in the Department of Defense. [110] The official name of the military operation was Operation Neptune Spear. In March 1961, Admiral Arleigh Burke, the Chief of Naval Operations, recommended the establishment of guerrilla and counter-guerrilla units. After the four-man team lost Danny Dietz, he put himself in open view to call in the QRF. On 6 August 2011, seventeen U.S. Navy SEALs were killed when their CH-47 Chinook helicopter was shot down by an RPG fired by Taliban militants. In one joint operation to capture an AQI leader, they entered the target building and were engaged resulting in an Iraqi Scout being killed and a SEAL severely wounded, two SEALs returned fire and entered the building, both SEALs entered different rooms, in one room the SEAL encountered three insurgents who opened fired at close range, another SEAL across the hallway was struck in the head and killed, the SEAL in the room with the insurgents killed all three. "SEAL" and "Navy SEALs" redirect here. [41][42] Seabees were roughly 20% of UDT 11. This included SEAL Teams 2 and 4, Naval Special Warfare Unit 8, and Special Boat Unit 26, all falling under Naval Special Warfare Group 2; and the separate Naval Special Warfare Development Group (DEVGRU). - He ended Produce X 101 on rank 15th. Before the US Marines landed at Camp Rhino in November 2001, a SEAL recce team from SEAL Team 8 conducted reconnaissance of the area, they were mistakenly engaged by orbiting AH-1W attack helicopters, but the SEALs managed to get a message through to the Marines before they suffered casualties. [56] By the end of the war, 48 SEALs had been killed in Vietnam, but estimates of their kill count are as high as 2,000. - Joined the WYBH crew in June . This was the beginning of the Navy SEALs. Special operations carried out in Somalia are conducted under the codename: Operation Octave Dune, as part of the overall effort in Somalia, which is known as Operation Octave Shield. The Navy SEAL Museum in Fort Pierce, Florida, displays a list of the 48 SEALs who lost their lives in combat during the Vietnam War. [79], For the 2003 invasion of Iraq, a squadron from DEVGRU operated as part of Task Force 20. Donghyun Kim & Donghyun Kim. SEALs along with the Scouts and SMP, would conduct reconnaissance, surveillance and sniper overwatch tasks; with their own targeting cell, they also began conducting raids on local insurgent leaders. The National Navy UDT-SEAL Museum, in Fort Pierce, Florida, was founded in 1985[158] and was recognized as a National Museum by an act of Congress. SEALS remained employed throughout the Iraqi Campaign as Task Units or Task Elements until its close in 2011. The United States Navy Seal - FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY. The Naval Special Warfare Command building is named for LTJG Frank Kaine CEC commander of NCDU 2.

Primary Care Doctors In New Bern, Nc, John Deere 1770nt Planter Specs, Toughman Contest Rules, Periodismo En Puro: La Tebaida, Motel Vouchers For Homeless In Phoenix, Az, Articles D